工期(qi)是建(jian)筑工程施(shi)工過程中一個很重要的關鍵點，工期(qi)就(jiu)是效(xiao)益(yi)。所以，如(ru)何保證工期(qi)進度(du)呢？

一味(wei)的(de)趕工期無法保(bao)證施工安全，如何正確的(de)省工期才是硬道理！

“大穿(chuan)插施工”是省工期的(de)正確方法(fa)，下(xia)(xia)面(mian)和小編一起來看下(xia)(xia)！

大穿(chuan)插施(shi)工：

大(da)穿(chuan)(chuan)插施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)在主(zhu)體施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)同時(shi)，將后(hou)續(xu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作分層合理(li)(li)(li)安排(pai)，實現主(zhu)體結構、二次結構、室內裝修(xiu)、外立面裝飾的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)流水(shui)(shui)段劃(hua)分，每個施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)段進(jin)行合理(li)(li)(li)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)分解，按(an)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)組織(zhi)(zhi)等節奏流水(shui)(shui)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，形(xing)成空間(jian)立體交(jiao)叉作業，每個施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)由一個專業施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊伍負責施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，總包合理(li)(li)(li)協調分配(pei)勞動力，組織(zhi)(zhi)整體大(da)穿(chuan)(chuan)插施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，從而達(da)到專業人員流水(shui)(shui)作業，提高工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作效率，穩定(ding)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量(liang)，縮短工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)，節約成本(ben)，實現精細化管理(li)(li)(li)的(de)目的(de)。

大穿插施(shi)工(gong)適用于所有高層住宅項目施(shi)工(gong)，包括主體結構、二(er)次結構和裝飾裝修施(shi)工(gong)的整個過程。

施工要點(dian)：

大穿插施(shi)工(gong)對項目部組織策(ce)劃(hua)要求高，施(shi)工(gong)計劃(hua)要精細周(zhou)密，必須考慮到各(ge)個施(shi)工(gong)過程的交叉細節(jie)和(he)時間節(jie)點安排(pai)。

大穿(chuan)插施(shi)工(gong)要(yao)求每(mei)個分(fen)項工(gong)程(cheng)的施(shi)工(gong)都做(zuo)到專(zhuan)業流水(shui)，所以在勞務分(fen)包時要(yao)采用(yong)清單(dan)組價(jia)合同，將(jiang)每(mei)道工(gong)序進行(xing)合理(li)的單(dan)價(jia)分(fen)解，按工(gong)序單(dan)價(jia)分(fen)層、分(fen)段(duan)結算，這樣(yang)有利于施(shi)工(gong)過程(cheng)的精細化管理(li)。

所有非(fei)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的策劃(hua)和管理(li)重心都要(yao)(yao)提(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)完成。主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中(zhong)，必須提(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)考慮分(fen)段(duan)組(zu)織主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)驗收；驗收后二次結構要(yao)(yao)提(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)插(cha)入(ru)，所以必須提(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)安裝施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)電梯，提(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)考慮砌體(ti)(ti)(ti)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的材(cai)料和人員準備(bei)；甲(jia)分(fen)包單位如門窗、地采暖、消防等要(yao)(yao)提(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)溝(gou)通協調，告知大穿(chuan)插(cha)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的思路，明(ming)確施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)插(cha)入(ru)的時間節點。

工(gong)種(zhong)交叉(cha)作業多，項目管理協(xie)調(diao)工(gong)作量大，須各班組統一穿插(cha)施工(gong)思想，加強過程管理力度，嚴格按(an)計(ji)劃推進，如有組織管理不善，容易造成窩工(gong)影響后續工(gong)作的推進。

優點及工(gong)效：

專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)流(liu)(liu)水(shui)施工(gong)(gong)：混凝土、鋼筋、砌筑、抹(mo)灰(hui)、粉(fen)刷石膏、膩子專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)流(liu)(liu)水(shui)施工(gong)(gong)，通(tong)過精(jing)細化的(de)工(gong)(gong)序分解(jie)和統籌(chou)，定量化材料(liao)配送，識別各分項作業(ye)中單一、重復、獨立的(de)作業(ye)內(nei)容，實行專(zhuan)(zhuan)人專(zhuan)(zhuan)崗流(liu)(liu)水(shui)施工(gong)(gong)，提高(gao)勞動(dong)效率和一次成活率。

勞動力(li)投(tou)入：各工(gong)(gong)種按專業(ye)工(gong)(gong)序等節奏(zou)流(liu)水施(shi)工(gong)(gong)。減少樓層同時施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的作(zuo)業(ye)人(ren)數(shu)，降低對熟練工(gong)(gong)人(ren)的需求(qiu)，少量工(gong)(gong)人(ren)專業(ye)穩(wen)定作(zuo)業(ye)，質(zhi)量有(you)保證(zheng)，逐漸(jian)培養產業(ye)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)，向產業(ye)化(hua)邁進。

質量方(fang)面：二次結構及(ji)初裝修施工(gong)工(gong)期延長，各工(gong)序精(jing)工(gong)細(xi)作，實現精(jing)細(xi)化過程(cheng)管理(li)，給質量驗收工(gong)作提供了(le)足夠的時間和空間，有(you)利(li)于質量提升。

文明(ming)施(shi)工：材料(liao)定量配(pei)送，專業流水施(shi)工可以減少樓(lou)層施(shi)工垃圾的產生，每道工序(xu)完(wan)成后都(dou)能做到(dao)工完(wan)場清，顯(xian)著提(ti)高文明(ming)施(shi)工效果。

風(feng)險規(gui)避：整個工(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)工(gong)期提前，規(gui)避了工(gong)期延誤的(de)風(feng)險。

本工(gong)(gong)程住宅層高23、26層，推(tui)行大穿插作業施工(gong)(gong)相比傳(chuan)統施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)期可縮短71天，工(gong)(gong)期縮短約11.16%。如果(guo)30層以上(shang)高層，工(gong)(gong)期縮短效果(guo)將更加明(ming)顯。

文(wen)章內容來自于陜西(xi)建(jian)筑業協(xie)會