為依法保護農民工工資權(quan)益(yi)

發揮(hui)工資保證(zheng)金在解(jie)決

拖(tuo)欠農民工工資問(wen)題中的重(zhong)要作用

人社部等7部門聯合印發

《工程建(jian)設領域農民工工資保(bao)證金規定》

自(zi)2021年11月1日(ri)起施(shi)行

帶你詳細了解

工資保(bao)證金是什么？

工(gong)(gong)資保(bao)證(zheng)金是指工(gong)(gong)程建(jian)設(she)領域(yu)施工(gong)(gong)總(zong)承包(bao)單位（包(bao)括直(zhi)接承包(bao)建(jian)設(she)單位發包(bao)工(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)專(zhuan)業承包(bao)企業）在銀行(xing)設(she)立賬戶(hu)并按(an)照(zhao)工(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)合(he)同額的(de)(de)一定比例存儲，專(zhuan)項用于支付為所承包(bao)工(gong)(gong)程提(ti)供勞動(dong)的(de)(de)農民工(gong)(gong)被拖欠工(gong)(gong)資的(de)(de)專(zhuan)項資金。

工(gong)資(zi)保(bao)證金可以(yi)用銀行類金融機構(gou)出(chu)具的銀行保(bao)函替代(dai)，有(you)條件的地(di)區還可探索引入工(gong)程擔保(bao)公司保(bao)函或工(gong)程保(bao)證保(bao)險。

除現金(jin)存儲工(gong)資保(bao)證(zheng)金(jin)這種(zhong)形式外，施工(gong)總承包單位可(ke)以自主選擇用銀行保(bao)函等(deng)方式替(ti)代，監(jian)管部門不得限制。

工(gong)資保證金的存(cun)儲比(bi)例

有(you)何要求？

關于存儲比例

《工(gong)(gong)程建設領域農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)金規定》第十一(yi)條(tiao)明確，工(gong)(gong)資保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)金按(an)工(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)合同(tong)額（或年(nian)度合同(tong)額）的一(yi)定比(bi)例(li)存(cun)儲，原則上(shang)不低于1%，不超(chao)過3%，這(zhe)是(shi)全國統一(yi)的存(cun)儲比(bi)例(li)區間范(fan)圍。

在(zai)此(ci)基礎上，各地(di)可(ke)以根據地(di)方實際，由省級人(ren)社部(bu)門會同行業工程建設(she)主(zhu)管(guan)部(bu)門研究(jiu)確定具(ju)體比例(li)。

針對施工總承包單位在同一個(ge)工資保證金(jin)管理地(di)區(qu)有多個(ge)在建工程的情況(kuang)，為降低企業(ye)資金(jin)成本，可(ke)以適當下浮存儲比例，最低可(ke)下浮至(zhi)施工合同額（或年度合同額）的0.5%。

此外，對單個工(gong)程合(he)同額較高的，還可(ke)以設定存儲上限，防止出現不必要的大額工(gong)資保(bao)證(zheng)金，進(jin)一步(bu)減輕企業負擔。

關(guan)于差異化存(cun)儲

在(zai)減(jian)免(mian)措(cuo)施上(shang)，《工程(cheng)建(jian)設領域農民工工資(zi)(zi)保證(zheng)金(jin)規定》明確，施工總承包單位(wei)在(zai)工資(zi)(zi)保證(zheng)金(jin)管理地區承建(jian)工程(cheng)連(lian)續(xu)2年未發生工資(zi)(zi)拖欠的，其新增(zeng)工程(cheng)應降低存(cun)儲(chu)(chu)比(bi)例(li)，降幅不低于(yu)50%；連(lian)續(xu)3年未發生工資(zi)(zi)拖欠且按要求(qiu)落實相關制度的，其新增(zeng)工程(cheng)可(ke)免(mian)于(yu)存(cun)儲(chu)(chu)工資(zi)(zi)保證(zheng)金(jin)。

在懲戒措施上，《工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程建設領域農(nong)(nong)民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)保(bao)證(zheng)金(jin)規(gui)定(ding)》明(ming)確(que)，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)總承(cheng)包單位存儲(chu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)保(bao)證(zheng)金(jin)或提交(jiao)銀行保(bao)函前2年內在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)保(bao)證(zheng)金(jin)管理地區承(cheng)建工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程發生工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)拖欠(qian)的(de)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)保(bao)證(zheng)金(jin)存儲(chu)比例應適當提高，增(zeng)幅不(bu)(bu)低(di)于50%；因(yin)拖欠(qian)農(nong)(nong)民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)被納(na)入“嚴重失信(xin)主(zhu)體名單”的(de)，增(zeng)幅不(bu)(bu)低(di)于100%。

工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)保(bao)證金的(de)具體存儲比(bi)例(li)以及差異化存儲等具體辦法，由省級(ji)人社(she)部門(men)會(hui)同同級(ji)工(gong)(gong)程建設行業主(zhu)管(guan)部門(men)研(yan)究(jiu)確(que)定，報人社(she)部備案。同時，工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)保(bao)證金的(de)具體比(bi)例(li)也不(bu)是一成(cheng)不(bu)變的(de)，《工(gong)(gong)程建設領域農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)保(bao)證金規定》要求各地應當根據當地保(bao)障農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)支付實(shi)際情況進(jin)行動態(tai)調整，并主(zhu)動向社(she)會(hui)公布。

一旦發生(sheng)工資拖(tuo)欠(qian)，

如何動用工資(zi)保證(zheng)金(jin)？

施(shi)工(gong)(gong)總(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)單位所承(cheng)包(bao)工(gong)(gong)程發生拖欠農民(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)的，經人力資(zi)源(yuan)社(she)會保(bao)(bao)障行(xing)(xing)(xing)政部門依(yi)法(fa)作出(chu)責令限期清(qing)償或先(xian)行(xing)(xing)(xing)清(qing)償的行(xing)(xing)(xing)政處理決定，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)總(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)單位到(dao)期拒不履行(xing)(xing)(xing)的，屬地人力資(zi)源(yuan)社(she)會保(bao)(bao)障行(xing)(xing)(xing)政部門可以向相(xiang)關經辦(ban)(ban)銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)出(chu)具《農民(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)保(bao)(bao)證金(jin)支(zhi)付通(tong)知書》，由(you)經辦(ban)(ban)銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)從(cong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)保(bao)(bao)證金(jin)賬戶(hu)中(zhong)將相(xiang)應數額的款項以銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)轉賬方式支(zhi)付給指定的被欠薪農民(min)工(gong)(gong)本人。采(cai)用銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)保(bao)(bao)函(han)替代工(gong)(gong)資(zi)保(bao)(bao)證金(jin)的，由(you)經辦(ban)(ban)銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)按照銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)保(bao)(bao)函(han)約定支(zhi)付農民(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)。

在使用工資保證金后(hou)，施(shi)工總承(cheng)包(bao)單位需(xu)要補(bu)足工資保證金或開(kai)立新的銀(yin)行保函。

如果施工企業沒有欠薪問題(ti)，

工(gong)資保證金會(hui)返還嗎？

工(gong)(gong)程完工(gong)(gong)且不存在欠薪的，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)總(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包單(dan)位(wei)在作(zuo)出(chu)書(shu)面承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)諾相(xiang)應(ying)工(gong)(gong)程不存在未解決的欠薪問題，履(lv)行相(xiang)應(ying)公示程序(xu)(xu)后，可(ke)按程序(xu)(xu)申請解除(chu)賬戶(hu)(hu)(hu)監(jian)管。屬地人社部門(men)要在收到書(shu)面申請之日5個工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)日內審核完畢，并在審核完畢3個工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)日內向(xiang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)總(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包單(dan)位(wei)和經辦銀行出(chu)具工(gong)(gong)資保證(zheng)金返還（銷(xiao)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)）確認書(shu)，解除(chu)對工(gong)(gong)資保證(zheng)金的監(jian)管，由(you)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)總(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包單(dan)位(wei)自主選擇(ze)支取賬戶(hu)(hu)(hu)資金或辦理(li)賬戶(hu)(hu)(hu)銷(xiao)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)。

同時，針對有的施(shi)工企業(ye)長(chang)期不主動(dong)申(shen)請(qing)返(fan)(fan)還工資(zi)(zi)(zi)保(bao)證(zheng)金(jin)(jin)形成(cheng)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)沉淀問題，《工程(cheng)建(jian)設領域農民工工資(zi)(zi)(zi)保(bao)證(zheng)金(jin)(jin)規定》要求屬地人社部門建(jian)立工資(zi)(zi)(zi)保(bao)證(zheng)金(jin)(jin)定期清查機制，對符合返(fan)(fan)還條件但相關施(shi)工企業(ye)未申(shen)請(qing)返(fan)(fan)還的，主動(dong)啟動(dong)返(fan)(fan)還程(cheng)序，最大限度維護(hu)企業(ye)合法權益。

施工企業如不(bu)存儲

工(gong)資保證金會(hui)怎樣？

根據《保障農民工(gong)工(gong)資(zi)支付條(tiao)例》，施工(gong)總承包(bao)單位應當按照有關規定存儲(chu)工(gong)資(zi)保證金(jin)，依法(fa)存儲(chu)工(gong)資(zi)保證金(jin)是施工(gong)企業的法(fa)律義務。

對施工(gong)(gong)企(qi)業未按(an)照(zhao)《保障(zhang)(zhang)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)支付(fu)條(tiao)例》和(he)《工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)領域(yu)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)保證金規定(ding)》依法(fa)存儲、補足工(gong)(gong)資(zi)保證金，或(huo)未提(ti)供(gong)、更新(xin)銀行保函的，應按(an)照(zhao)《保障(zhang)(zhang)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)支付(fu)條(tiao)例》第(di)五(wu)十五(wu)條(tiao)規定(ding)追究(jiu)其法(fa)律責任，由人力資(zi)源社會(hui)保障(zhang)(zhang)行政部門、相關行業工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)主(zhu)管部門按(an)照(zhao)職責責令限期改(gai)正；逾期不(bu)改(gai)正的，責令項目停工(gong)(gong)，并處5萬元以(yi)上10萬元以(yi)下的罰(fa)款；情(qing)節(jie)嚴重的，給予施工(gong)(gong)單(dan)位(wei)限制承建新(xin)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、降(jiang)低資(zi)質等級、吊銷(xiao)資(zi)質證書等處罰(fa)。